Physicians Assisted Suicide Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Physicians Assisted Suicide - Research Paper Example In addition, the practice would lessen the urgency to develop new medicines designed to prolong life. Those who oppose the practice on religious grounds argue that it is ‘playing God’ therefore sinful. Health care professionals cite the Hippocratic Oath which forbids them from carrying out this procedure. This paper will examine the moral and ethical concerns surrounding euthanasia, clarify the meaning of the term, present arguments both for and against the practice and conclude with a recommendation to resolve the issue. The word euthanasia is from Greek origin meaning ‘good death.’ Writers of 1700’s Britain referred to euthanasia as a being a preferential method by which to ‘die well’ (â€Å"Definition†, 2007). Euthanasia describes a situation in which a terminally ill patient is administered a lethal dose of medication, is removed from a life-support system or is simply allowed to die without active participation such as by resuscitation. A doctor’s involvement in the procedure could be to either prescribe a lethal dose of drugs with the express intent of ending a life or by intravenously inserting a needle into the terminal patient who then activates a switch that administers the fatal dose (Naji et al, 2005). Physicians, lawmakers, and philosophers have debated the notion of euthanasia since the beginning of recorded history but the wide public debate regarding its legalization has only surfaced over the past four decades. In the 1970’s it bec ame lawful to draft ‘living wills’ which allows a patient to refuse ‘heroic’ life saving medical assistance in the event they were incapacitated and could only survive by artificial means (Rich, 2001). In other words, it gave the next of kin the right to direct doctors to ‘pull the plug’ if the patient’s condition was considered hopeless, a practice which is now broadly accepted. The unfortunate reality is the majority of people in the U.S. die a ‘bad death.’   A study determined that â€Å"more often than not, patients died in pain, their desires concerning treatment neglected, after spending 10 days or more in an intensive care unit† (Horgan, 1996).   Most Americans (53 percent) believe euthanasia to be not only compassionate but ethically acceptable and 69 percent would support the legalization of euthanasia according to a Gallup Poll conducted in 2004 (â€Å"Public Grapples†, 2004).   Opponents of a doctor-assisted suicide law often cite the potential for doctor abuse.   However, recent Oregon and UK laws show that you can craft reasonable laws that prevent abuse and still protect the value of human life.   For example, laws could be drafted that requires the approval of two doctors plus a psychologist, a reasonable waiting period, family members’ written consent and limits the procedure to specific medical cond itions.     

Bladerunner - Humanity and Nature Essay Example for Free

Bladerunner Humanity and Nature Essay The central theme of Bladerunner is the relationship between humanity and nature. More specifically it has a purpose in showing how science can negatively influence this fragile relationship. Set in Los Angeles of 2019 we see the decadence of western society into an inhumane harsh impersonal, technology-dominated realm. The inhabitants who fight for their daily survival are in desperate want for nature, contact with which is denied to them by the unrestricted scientific progress and the consequent exploitation of the natural world conducted for the sole purpose of profit. Humanity is also losing touch with its own nature. The compassion, the empathy, the love and the emotion are all rare or absent. This ailing relationship between humanity and nature is conveyed through the means of scene setting, dialogue, plot, camera techniques and other film features. All these elements of cinematography synthesise to create an effective portrayal of the unifying theme. In Bladerunner the most prominent element of cinematography is mise en scene. It generates a context for the film and therefore makes the plot and themes acceptable. To set an appropriate scene different variables need to be controlled. These variables include location, props, lighting and colour. In general the location of the plot is in the vast urban canyons of 2019 LA. The imposing dark buildings, the dirty fog, perpetual rain and the crowded dark streets devoid of vegetation make up the backdrop of most scenes. All this is filmed in dark lighting, which complements the effect produced by the fog in obscuring the living details. From this the responder acknowledges the deterioration of society, the harsh conditions that the humans are subjected to and the way the human spirit itself is progressively destroyed under such conditions. Filming such a location at night provides the director with the opportunity to use chiaroscuro (a technique of strong contrast) to further convey the dominance of technology over humanity. For example in outdoor scenes the garish flickering neons are obtrusively visible but they fail to illuminate the obscure, dark, fogged surroundings, including the multitudes of faceless people. The prominent visibility of artificial things over human presence together with the qualities of the location indicates the degradation of human life under the rule of science. The clothing worn by characters is an important choice made as part of setting the scene. Most of the street people wear hooded dark clothing covering their whole body. This is possibly to protect them from the rain but it also hides their faces and their eyes from the camera and from us, creating an impersonal atmosphere in conjunction with the harshness of the surroundings. We get a feeling that everyone hides from everyone else and human interpersonal interaction is limited to the bare necessity. Sometimes the style of clothing worn by characters tells us something about the characters themselves. For example the trenchcoat style garments worn by Deckard are a throwback to the ? 20s and ? 30s detective genre in film, and the responder instantly sees Deckard as such. There are times when the clothing worn gives us an insight into the themes of the film. When we first see meet Racheal (and we think she is a human), her outfit with geometric power dressing shape, the black hues and the perfect hair create an impression of power and efficiency, qualities that are valued in androids. The next time we meet her we see her in a fur coat and underneath, a soft white blouse. Then when she lets her hair down the transformation is complete. By now we know that she is a replicant and for a replicant to be so human is ironic when the ? real humans dont show such qualities. This irony elucidates the deteriorated nature of humanity very effectively. The film is not only able to show the way humanity has lost contact with nature but also how much they appreciate and want it back in their society. The unicorn dream-scene conveys this effectively. The soft back lighting, the low tonal contrast, the colour and the lush vegetation create a setting that is very different to the usual scenes. It is contrasted with real world to further reinforce the lack of nature in society. The short length of the scene, and the fact that the scene is only Deckards dream, conveys the elusiveness of nature and shows us that humans still ? dream of having the presence of nature back in their world-weary lives. Another method used by the cinematographers to show the want for nature is through the presence of artificial animals. While the artificiality of the animals shows the destruction of nature the way humans still keep them as pets conveys their yearning to bring back nature. The decay of human spirit is also shown through the dialogue. In Bladerunner the scarcity of the dialogue itself potrays the lack of human interaction and consequently the lack of empathy or emotion. Characters only speak when it is necessary for their own survival and comfort but not for the sake of emotional involvement. However, the replicant slaves, who supposedly feel no emotion, interact more sensitively with each other. This irony again has the effect of showing the dehumanisation suffered by this society. The absence of nature and the way society deals with this is revealed through the way they refer to nature. For example at Tyrells office Decker asks Racheal if the owl is artificial, to which she replies of course it is. A similar conversation that occurs later between Salome (Zhora) and Decker about artificial snakes, further reinforcing the sad truth. Another common literary language feature that is used in Bladerunner is symbolism. The film is filled with visual symbolic codes. The unicorn, a mythical creature, which, according to myth, is a fragile and elusive being of beauty known for its rarity. In the film it symbolises the rarity of nature and its beauty and fragility. There are other symbols that signify the elusive presence of nature in human life. One is the unnaturally weak and indistinct sun. The sun is the source of all life on earth and natures sustaining energy. The weakened presence of the sun is possibly due to the fog but the importance lies not in the cause of the weakness. The dim sun is an indication that nature is being destroyed or is already destroyed. Another symbol is the motif of the human eye. Close to the beginning of the film we are presented with an ECU of Holdens eye reflecting bursts of flame. The fiery human spirit. The motif carries on throughout the film, the close up of eyes during the Voigt-Kampff tests, Mr Chews eye shop, the glowing eyes of the owl and the gruesome death of Tyrell. In many cases we encounter human figures whose eyes are hidden. The important example is Tyrell whose eyes are hidden by the thick glasses, but this is also true for the little people or the street people. If the eyes symbolise the human spirit then it is also true that the concealment of the eyes represent the destruction of this spirit. The characters and the way they respond to events in the plot is the most significant way through which the creators of the film express their concerns about the relationship between humanity and nature. It is through the characters and the way they are influenced by the society in which they live that the audience are able to receive the majority of information about that society. To make up a character the director (Ridley Scott) has to synthesis the acting, the physical qualities of the actors, the costume, the lighting and the camera work. Harrison Ford plays Deckard; a Detective who is forced to put up in insensitive wall around him so as to carry out his job properly, but with the help of Racheal and Batty his soul comes through. The seriousness, the no-nonsense speech and the mechanical execution of his tasks all contribute to this image of a tough guy cop. It is also sad to see that he is forces hide his emotions and sentiments for the sake of survival in this harsh world. By the end of the film we sense that if Batty and Racheal had not saved him his spirit would have been lost under the pressure. Rutger Hauer has possibly the most appropriate natural qualities to play Roy Batty (robot? ). The ? Aryan look, a western cultural assumption of superiority and the Swedish accent with the concise overtones which is particularly effective in a quiet voice make him the perfect super/sub-human replicant. To enhance the effect the hair is died white, his body and face is always lit up to prominence, and almost always the image is shot from underneath making him look surrealistically handsome and at the same time imposing. However the way he responds to the events in the plot show that he has more ? humanity in him that the people who consider themselves human. The most memorable instance is they way he moaned for the death of Pris. He is not ashamed to return to the most basic instinct of openly showing emotion. This beautiful scene along with other such human responses from a replicant serves to convey the suppression of human nature in the society. Rachael is played by Sean Young as the replicant who doesnt know she is an android. The characters function is similar to that of Batty. To show the deterioration of everything ? human in the world of 2019. Her transformation itself carries the message. When she thought she was a human her conduct was much like a robot; the emotionless soulless state of mind everyone is in. But once she begins to realise that she is replicant her appearance becomes increasingly ? human. This humanisation is portrayed through the use of costumes, the use of varying light and the use of ECU. Tyrell is the other character who has an important function in conveying the themes. Genuinely lacking emotions or empathy, his main objective is the profit margin. He is part of the corporate dictatorship that has suppressed the spirit of the people and destroyed the natural world. His character is the total antitheses of Batty. The overconfidence in his intelligence, the impersonal way in which he addresses other characters, the opulent surrounding in which he lives show him as powerful tyrant. The irony is that he holds the status of God when he is not even fit to be a human. Thus through the development of characters and their response to the events of the plot, Ridley Scott and the actors communicate the way relationship between humanity and nature has evolved (deteriorated) into the world of 2019 LA. In effect all the techniques mentioned above portray a society of individuals who are weary of the world they live in. They are rejects who lead a pitiful existence in a wasteland called earth because they are not fit enough to go the out-world colonies. Suppressing their own natural instincts for the sake of physically surviving they really the walking dead. Scientific progress conducted not for the best interests of humanity but for the best interests of business has effectively brought about the progressive degradation of society. By exploiting and destroying the natural world human can no more find solace or beauty so as to recuperate their weary minds and rekindle their dying spirits. In summary the techniques that are unique to film such as camera, lighting, costuming, colour and location works in conjunction with common literary techniques such as visual symbolism, irony and characterisation to effectively convey the relationship between humanity and nature.

Child Labor :: essays research papers

Christopher Hibbert’s The English: A Social History, 1066-1945, harshly reflects child labor. The author uses graphic details to portray the horrible work environment that the children, sometimes as young as four and five, were forced to work in. Hibbert discusses in much detail the conditions the children work in, the way they are mistreated, and what was done to prevent child labor.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The children work in various conditions, suffering numerous injuries. In boot factories, children are forced to sit so close together that they poke each other with needles: â€Å"many have lost an eye in this way† (595). The children work â€Å"unreasonably long hours† (595). Chimney sweepers in particular work long hours, starting at about four a.m. and working for twelve hours. These chimney sweepers sleep in bags of soot, wrapping themselves in the bags and straw. They are subjected to suffocating steam, heat, flying hot metal, and the â€Å"unhealthiest kind of grinding known† (595). Those who are employed in mills endure lung problems, scrofula, mesenteric diseases and asthma.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Taking into consideration the conditions these children work in, they are obviously mistreated. They are not washed, fed or clothed, resulting in malnutrition and children â€Å"clad in rags† (597). Employers even use mistreatment to teach the children how to do their jobs. Hibbert describes that â€Å"you can’t be soft with them, you must use violence† (595). Chimney sweepers can sometimes go â€Å"fifteen months without being washed except the rain† (595), wearing the same shirt until it is worn thin. To harden the flesh of the sweepers, their elbows and knees are rubbed profusely with the strongest brine, leaving their limbs â€Å"streaming with blood† (596). Workers sometimes found themselves caught in a machine, crushed by a machine, or swung by a machine. They suffered multiple injuries that were always ignored, most of the time consequently becoming fatal. The workers were not only subjected to poor working conditions, but being mistreated within them. It wasn’t for long after laws were made that treatment of children laborers improved.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Many felt strongly opposed to child labor but assumed nothing could be done. However, working conditions slowly but surely improved. Their diets became better. It became illegal to employ children in certain circumstances. Laws were passed so children were not working such long hours. They were even given off for holidays.

Economies of Scale

Detroit and some of its surrounding areas as Windsor and Ontario, represent a huge factor in the economy of the United States by being one of the major cities where trade takes place. General Motors, Ford and Chrysler also known as Americas ‘Big Three’ automobile companies are located in this city. The concept of External Scale Economies can help us explain why these three major companies are located in this area. Scales economies are important for a country because they represent a growth in its economy. Companies are able to produce more products or services at a lower cost of input. External scale economies are based on the size of an entire industry within a specific geographic area. †1 These companies bulk in one specific area in this case Detroit, causing a decrease in the cost of the inputs by sharing some of these with the other surrounding companies, â€Å"this way the output of the industry within the area is larger†2 But how did Detroit turned out to be the spot for these major companies? Detroit’s location gave it the advantage to start growing as a transportation hub in the very beginning.At the end of 19th century Detroit had shipping, shipbuilding and manufacturing industries, but what gave Detroit the main advantage for the businesses to settle there were the natural resources that it owned which eventually led automobile industries to be interested in this place for what meant for them: the external factors which provided a reduction in the firm’s cost. Some of these factors were coal, iron, and copper mining, Detroit was also easily accessible by water and by land; and it was near the nation’s leading, well-established production centers. One of Detroit’s strength was certainly the external factors mentioned above; it guided important industries towards its direction becoming what is now known as a global symbol. The agglomeration of these three big automobile companies has allowed the achi evement of an external scale economy therefore a benefit for the United States’ economy. Notes 1. Thomas A. Pugel, â€Å"Chapter 6 Scale Economies, Imperfect Competition, and Trade†, International Economics, 15th Edition: Page 94 2. Ibid 3. Thomas J. Sugrue, Motor city: The story of Detroit. http://www. gilderlehrman. org/history-by-era/politics-reform/essays/motor-city-story-detroit

Financial Markets Study Questions Essay

14.1 What are financial markets? What function do they perform? How would an economy be worse off without them? Financial markets are institutions and procedures that facilitate transactions in all types of financial claims. Financial markets perform the function of allocating savings in the economy to the ultimate demander(s) of the savings. Without these financial markets, the total wealth of the economy would be lessened. Financial markets aid the rate of capital formation in the economy. The economy would be worse of without financial markets for several reasons. Savers would not be able to earn a return on their savings. People who need capital wouldn’t be able to get the funds from other people and so would have to rely only on their own money. The inability to get capital from others would slow the growth of businesses and reduce the purchases of consumers because they can no longer get loans. These would lead to decreased demand for products and services as well as a decrease in available jobs both of which would harm the economy. 14.3 Distinguish between the money and capital markets Money Markets facilitates transactions using short-term financial instruments; whereas, Capital Markets facilitates transactions using long-term financial instruments. A money market is a market for short term debt securities such as banker’s acceptances, commercial paper, repos, negotiable certificates of deposit, and Treasury Bills with a maturity of one year or less and often 30 days or less. Money market securities are generally very safe investment which returns a relatively low interest rate that is most appropriate for temporary cash storage or short-term time horizons. A capital market is where debt or equity securities are traded. 14.4 What major benefits do corporations and investors enjoy because of the existence of organized security exchanges? Organized stock exchanges provide for: †¢ A continuous market. This means a series of continuous security prices is generated. Price changes between trades are dampened, reducing price volatility, and enhancing the liquidity of securities. †¢ Establishing and publicizing fair security prices. Prices on an organized exchange are determined in the manner of an auction. Moreover, the prices are published in widely available media like newspapers. †¢ An aftermarket to aid businesses in the flotation of new security issues. The continuous pricing mechanism provided by the exchanges facilitates the determination of offering prices in new flotation’s. The initial buyer of the new issue has a ready market in which he can sell the security should he need liquidity rather than a financial asset.

Electric Cars versus Gasoline Cars Essay Essays

Electric Cars versus Gasoline Cars Essay Essays Electric Cars versus Gasoline Cars Essay Essay Electric Cars versus Gasoline Cars Essay Essay At the oncoming of twentieth century. many Americans were faced with the quandary of whether to purchase electric vehicles that are battery charged or vehicles that use gasoline-powered engines. At the beginning of twenty-first century. analysts have concluded that. vehicles that use gasolene or Diesel must be replaced with electric vehicles ( Thomas. 2010 ) . A inquiry arises of whether utilizing electric vehicles instead than the gasolene would truly assist the environment ( De Marco. 2009 ) bearing in head that. the electricity is generated from firing coal ( Shoebridge. 2010 ) . This essay shows that electric vehicles would be better for the environment than the gasolene vehicles. It has been discovered that the usage of electricity vehicles would salvage the state a batch of gasolene. A survey was conducted by Electric Power Research Institute ( EPRI ) in 2007 and it was discovered that the cost of electricity used by these vehicles is tantamount to gasoline bing 75 cents per gallon. something that has neer been seen for a really long clip. This is because a kilowatt hr of electricity would averagely be 8. 5 cents ( De Marco. 2009 ) . To find this. the institute compared the distance that would be covered by an electric vehicle that had been charged one time with a auto utilizing one gallon of gasolene bing $ 3 and going 25 stat mis. Another thing that led them to that decision was that. since the electric vehicles will be bear downing at dark when air current and hydropower in some countries will be blowing off. it would cut down the cost of the kilowatt hr to lower degrees of two to three cents therefore the charge bing less. This means that. if electric vehicles become a world. the state will make off with the demand of 52 % of oil it presently uses mundane or 6. 5 billion barrels of the same ( De Marco. 2009 ) . The vehicles that use gasolene have a major portion to play when it comes to air pollution. They account for 54 % of nitrogen oxide in the air. 89 % of C monoxide emanations and 28 % C dioxide. They are besides responsible for other types of emanations such as hydrocarbons and sulfur oxides but in small sums ( Wilikins. 1997 ) . It is good known fact that half of electricity used in US is generated from coal. Some decennaries back. it was 60 % but now it is approximately 50 % ( DeCicco. 2009 ) . Will it decline the state of affairs? In sing the sum of C dioxide. it has been concluded that electric vehicles would cut the sum of C dioxide emitted by internal burning engines. Some computations have been made and it has been discovered that. America would utilize about 600 billion KWh every twelvemonth the minute the electric vehicles come into full force ( Navarro. 2009 ) . One kilowatt hr generated from a coal power works gives out two lbs of C dioxide. This translates to carbon dioxide lbs of 1. 2 trillion that will be produced from these coal workss. If compared to gasoline. firing a gallon of gasolene produces 20 lbs of C dioxide but this takes topographic point in the exhaust pipes. In 2008. America burned barrels of gasolene amounting to 3. 3 billion. This means that. the sum of C dioxide produced by burning engines is 3. 3 trillion lbs. If compared to the 1 produced by coal workss. it emerges that. the sum of CO2. will be cut by 60 % ( Navarro. 2009 ) . What about other pollutants? Another survey was conducted by Natural Resources Defense Council and it was concluded that. those countries with electric vehicles powered by coal generated electricity would hold increased degrees of quicksilver and carbon black ( De Marco. 2009 ) . Many people have come to hold that. if the electric vehicles would be utilizing electricity generated from coal. more air pollutants would be created in the power workss compared to internal burning engines that use gasolene. General Accounting Office in the US ( GAO ) released a study of a survey carried out in Germany which showed that. if 49 % of the energy used in an electric vehicle comes from the coal. it would take to the emanation of low degrees of C dioxide and N oxides. with an addition in the emanation of S oxides in the power workss. Although. there will be an addition in the figure of pollutants in the power workss. less hydrocarbons and C monoxide will be produced compared to vehicles with internal burning engines. This survey can every bit good as tantrum in the US since both states generate about half of their electricity from coal ( Wilkins. 1997 ) . However. electric vehicles do non impact environment straight since they emit really small or no green house gases as compared to internal burning engines. The internal burning engine vehicles produce emanations from their exhaust pipes but the electric 1s do non and if they do. they would be negligible. In other words. the pollution would be shifted to the power workss and as seen. there would be an addition in the figure of pollutants in power workss ( Wilkins. 1997 ) . However. it would be really easy to command emanations from power workss as compared to commanding emanations from internal burning engine vehicles that are scattered every where. Furthermore. since electricity can be produced from anyplace. power workss can be relocated from topographic points that are overcrowded or urban countries. Although this would increase the chance of acerb rain to happen in some countries harbouring these workss. there will be reduced hydrocarbon and C monoxide emanations ( Wilkins. 1997 ) . Despite of the fact that electricity is generated from coal. it has been proven by Environment Texas that. electric autos utilizing power from coal workss would still be 27 % cleaner than their opposite numbers utilizing gasolene. Furthermore. there are those states which use cleaner ways of bring forthing electricity and this would merely intend that they would hold really small or no pollution at all from power workss. The minute states including US come up with better ways of bring forthing electricity. no 1 will hold to worry about pollution from transit system ( Shoebridge. 2010 ) . Electric vehicles would be better for the environment. This is because it would be really easy to modulate the sum of C emanations from the coal workss. This is due to the fact that. the pollution caused by these vehicles would be coming from the power workss but non from the exhaust pipes as in the instance of burning engines ( Wilkins. 1997 ) . Furthermore. there is a high chance that the state would come up with better methods of bring forthing electricity in hereafter which merely means that. one twenty-four hours the emanations from coal workss would be done off with. therefore offering a lasting solution to pollution caused by vehicles ( Shoebridge. 2010 ) . In decision. the coming of electric vehicle would truly impact on our economic system every bit good as the environment. It would extinguish the country’s dependance on gasolene and oil imports. It would besides cut on the C emanations but increase the figure of pollutants in the air for illustration. S oxides. However. it would be easy to command these emanations. In add-on. in future. cleaner methods of bring forthing electricity promise the riddance of C emanations from the route. This makes electric vehicles to be better for the environment. than the gasolene vehicles. Mentions De Cicco. J. ( 2009 ) . Can coal-powered autos be clean? Retrieved from lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www. hybridcars. com/environment/can-coal-powered-cars-be-clean-26233. hypertext markup language gt ; De Marco. K. ( 2009 ) . Electric cars-how much Does it be per charge? Retrieved from lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www. scientificamerican. com/article. cfm? id=electric-cars-cost-per-charge gt ; Thomas. S. ( 2010 ) . Hydrogen powered fuel cell electric vehicles compared to the options. Retrieved from lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www. azocleantech. com/Details. asp? ArticleId=214 gt ; Navarro. Ten. ( 2009 ) . Electricity from coal. electric vehicles beat gas in CO2 emanations. Retrieved from lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //green. autoblog. com/2009/07/24/study-even-with-electricity-from-coal-electric-vehilces-beat-g/ gt ; Shoebridge. G. ( 2010 ) . Dirty electric autos powered by soiled coal. Retrieved from lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www. gavinshoebridge. com/electric-cars/dirty-electric-cars-powered-by-dirty-coal/ gt ; Wilkins. ( 1997 ) . Will electric vehicles truly cut down pollution? Retrieved from lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www. natural philosophies. ohio-state. edu/~wilkins/writing/Samples/policy/voytishlong. hypertext markup language gt ;

Cover Letter Tip from The Essay Expert What Color is Your Cover Letter

Cover Letter Tip from The Essay Expert What Color is Your Cover Letter The content of most cover letters that come across recruiters desks are bland and unexciting. They sound like everyone elses letters. I call them gray. And gray doesnt stand out. It just blends into the background. Get the hiring managers attention with this cover letter tip. Cover Letter Tip:  Add Some Color! Start with a Splash Even the first paragraph of your cover letter can make you stand out. Sure, you need to tell them what job youre applying for, and where you found out about it, but you dont have to end there. To get their attention, say something about what you understand about the companys needs, and why youre the person to meet those needs. Most people dont take the time to tailor cover letters, so any mention of specifics about the company youre applying to will distinguish you from your competitors. Time for a Paint Job The gray cover letters I tend to see include language like this: I believe my skills and qualifications are a perfect match for the available position. I have spent the last ten years gaining experience in X. At job A, I did B, where I gained experience in C. At job D, I did E, and gained experience doing F. At job G, I did H, and learned J. I therefore feel that I would be an asset to your company. I hope you agree with me that its time for a makeover! Painting Your Passion Stop blending into the background! Your cover letter is a valuable opportunity to paint yourself in bright, eye-catching descriptionsas someone who would bring personality and flair to a position, or true problem solving or negotiating skills, or, at the very least, some passion. How do you do that? Tell a story that shows them who you are. If I were writing a cover letter, for instance, I might talk about how I won the trust of a contract manager who had been ready to pull a contract from my organization. One of my clients wrote about how he successfully negotiated a conflict at work and obtained payment from a customer who was refusing to pay. Another wrote about his quest for the perfect problem to solve. These stories will catch an employers eye and paint a picture of a real person, with experience and attributes that reach beyond a list of resume bullets. Take My Advice! Id like to share with you the following letter, which I received from a student at the University of Wisconsin: I feel like a naive kid who was suddenly given a cover letter awakening. I took your advice and changed almost everything. I am ashamed to call the last documents I sent you cover letters. I wouldnt have wanted to interview me. Sad. In these new cover letters, every sentence gives information that cannot be gathered from my resume. I really tried to pour some personality and passion into these and keep the readers attention. I can actually be proud of these letters. This student says it well. Give them new information, NOT a regurgitation of your resume. Pour in some personality (purple?), passion (red?) Throw in some anecdotes (green?) And you too will be able to say you are proud of your cover letters. With this cover letter tip, youll be a lot more likely to get that interview, where you really get to show them who you are. Want help with your cover letters? Check out  The Essay Experts Resume and Cover Letter Services. 🙂 🙂 Log in to Reply Tracy Cooper says: February 1, 2018 at 12:42 pm Great advice. I absolutely love it. Talk about standing out in a sea of look-a-likes. I do some tailoring, but incorporating this into my Cover Letter Toolkit will bump things up exponentially. Thank you kindly. Love it! Log in to Reply

Quotes by Ahmed Skou Tour

Quotes by Ahmed Skou Tour Without being Communists, we believe that the analytical qualities of Marxism and the organization of the people are methods especially well-suited for our country.Ahmed Sà ©kou Tourà ©, first president of Guinea, as quoted in Rolf Italiaanders The New Leaders of Africa, New Jersey, 1961 People are not born with racial prejudices. For example, children have none. Racial questions are questions of education. Africans learned racism form the European. Is it any wonder that they now think in terms of race after all theyve gone through under colonialism?Ahmed Sà ©kou Tourà ©, first president of Guinea, as quoted in Rolf Italiaanders The New Leaders of Africa, New Jersey, 1961 An African statesman is not a naked boy begging from rich capitalists.Ahmed Sà ©kou Tourà ©, first president of Guinea, as quoted in Guinea: Trouble in Erewhon, Time, Friday 13 December 1963. The private trader has a greater sense of responsibility than civil servants, who get paid at the end of each month and only once in a while think of the nation or their own responsibility.Ahmed Sà ©kou Tourà ©, first president of Guinea, as quoted in Guinea: Trouble in Erewhon, Time, Friday 13 December 1963. We ask you therefore, not to judge us or think of us in terms of what we were or even of what we are but rather to think of us in terms of history and what we will be tomorrow.Ahmed Sà ©kou Tourà ©, first president of Guinea, as quoted in Rolf Italiaanders The New Leaders of Africa, New Jersey, 1961 We should go down to the grassroots of our culture, not to remain there, not to be isolated there, but to draw strength and substance there from, and with whatever additional sources of strength and material we acquire, proceed to set up a new form of society raised to the level of human progress.Ahmed Sà ©kou Tourà ©, as quoted in Osei Amoahs A Political Dictionary of Black Quotations, published in London, 1989. To take part in the African revolution it is not enough to write a revolutionary song: you must fashion the revolution with the people. And if you fashion it with the people, the songs will come by themselves.Ahmed Sà ©kou Tourà ©, as quoted in Osei Amoahs A Political Dictionary of Black Quotations, published in London, 1989. At sunset when you pray to God, say over and over that each man is a brother and that all men are equal.Ahmed Sà ©kou Tourà ©, as quoted in Robin Halletts, Africa Since 1875, University of Michigan Press, 1974. We have told you bluntly, Mr President, what the demands of the people are ... We have one prime and essential need: our dignity. But there is no dignity without freedom ... We prefer freedom in poverty to opulence in slavery.Ahmed Sà ©kou Tourà ©s statement to General De Gaulle during the French leaders visit to Guinea in August 1958, as quoted in Robin Halletts, Africa Since 1875, University of Michigan Press, 1974. For the first twenty years, we in Guinea have concentrated on developing the mentality of our people. Now we are ready to move on to other business.Ahmed Sà ©kou Tourà ©. as quoted in David Lambs The Africans, New York 1985. I dont know what people mean when they call me the bad child of Africa. Is it that they consider us unbending in the fight against imperialism, against colonialism? If so, we can be proud to be called headstrong. Our wish is to remain a child of Africa unto our death..Ahmed Sà ©kou Tourà ©, as quoted in David Lambs The Africans, New York 1985. People of Africa, from now on you are reborn in history, because you mobilize yourself in the struggle and because the struggle before you restores to your own eyes and renders to you, justice in the eyes of the world.Ahmed Sà ©kou Tourà ©, as quoted in The Permanent Struggle, The Black Scholar, Vol 2 No 7, March 1971. [T]he political leader is, by virtue of his communion of idea and action with his people, the representative of his people, the representative of a culture.Ahmed Sà ©kou Tourà ©, as quoted in Molefi Kete Asante and Kariamu Welsh Asantes African Culture the Rhythms of Unity: The Rhythms of Unity Africa, World Press, October 1989. In the history of this new Africa which has just come into the world, Liberia has a preeminent place because she has been for each of our peoples the living proof that our liberty was possible. And nobody can ignore the fact that the star which marks the Liberian national emblem has been hanging for more than a century the sole star that illuminated our night of dominated peoples.Ahmed Sà ©kou Tourà ©, from his Liberian Independence Day Address of 26 July 1960, as quoted in Charles Morrow Wilsons Liberia: Black Africans in Microcosm, Harper and Row, 1971.

Historical Background that Led to the Eighth Amendment Coursework

Historical Background that Led to the Eighth Amendment - Coursework Example It later became a theme of the U.S. Supreme Court Eighth Amendment discussion about normal penalties collectively forced in an undue and unprecedented way. Why the Eighth Amendment Has Not Been Fully Incorporated The Eighth Amendment has not been fully incorporated since it was only applied as a clause to the states when a suitable case challenging the state's contravention of that clause is formally requested for review. Moreover, the Supreme Court makes use of the principle of selective incorporation when it comes to applying the Bill of Rights to the given states (Harr, Hess and Orthman 420). What was considered initially was the cruelty when it comes to method of punishment, and not the ban of excessive punishments. The reason being that it is hard to ascertain the level at which the court can be able to tell between the permissible from that considered as cruel or unusual, bearing in mind that the Bill of Rights is a pronouncement of universal principles aimed at presiding over the social order of freemen (Harr, Hess and Orthman 397). ... Secondly, the appellate court may possibly not be able to handle disputes to bail quicker than trial courts are able to hear the case, and as a result this renders it moot or hard for trial prior to review (Harr, Hess and Orthman 400). How Bail Can Be Assured For Those Accused of Crimes The right to bail can be assumed through case law and statutory law. Hence, the Bail Reform Act of 1984 provides the judicial authority to comprise definite conditions for granting bail based on community safety or otherwise the risk of the individual not appearing for trial (Harr, Hess and Orthman 398). This is in view of the fact that the pretrial detention should not violate due process or the eight amendment. For this reason, when the only asserted interest is to warrant that the accused will stand trial and give in to sentence when found guilty, then in that case bail should be handed by the court at an amount designed to make certain that objective and no more. Notably, the legislature rather th an the constitution is the actual framer of bail law. The Federal law defines that every noncapital offenses is bailable, but in capital offenses the decision to hold a suspect prior to a trial is left up to the judge (Harr, Hess and Orthman 400). The state courts assure bails for those accused of crime based on the excessive bail provisions within the state constitution or else through legislation and case law, however, the constitution only bars excessive bail (Harr, Hess and Orthman 401). Basic Need for Bail Bail seeks to serve two needs. Firstly, bail seeks to uphold the presumption of innocence by permitting the person not yet convicted to avoid continued incarceration. Secondly, bail seeks to

Prostate Cancer Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Prostate Cancer - Research Paper Example From a nursing perspective, a more responsible role for nursing professionals in the dissemination of information on the diagnosis of prostate cancer and its implications is a development of the late twentieth century. This increased caring role of the nursing professionals with patients diagnosed with prostate cancer also carries the implication of better knowledge of the disease and the treatment modalities, to be efficient in providing the required care quality (Davison et al, 2009, p.95). Prostate cancer is cancer occurring in the prostate gland. The presence of a cancer tumor in the prostate gland will result in enlargement of the prostate gland, which is responsible for the symptoms associated with the lower urinary tract displayed in those having the disease. In essence, the demonstration of these symptoms from an enlarged prostate results from the impact of the resistance to the flow of urine by the enlarged prostate and the response of the urinary bladder. The symptoms include nocturia, frequent urination in the daytime, hesitancy, and the requirement of strain to push the urine out or maintain the force of urine; intermittency; and the desire to void again shortly after urinating. These symptoms are not definite indicators of the disease, as for instance, it may be the result of benign prostatic hyperplasia (Ellsworth 2009, p.5). In addition, these symptoms are also seen in the general population, and as such are not sensitive or specific enough to be used for a diagnosis of prostate cancer. This lack of specific symptoms has placed the emphasis on the screening methods of digital rectal examination and determining the presence of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) to assist in the diagnosis of prostate cancer (Strief, 2007, p.476). There is no evidence to suggest that prostate cancer occurs from any specific and modifiable life styles of the male population. However, evidence points to three major risk

Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 79

Assignment Example Poor economic reforms, technological drawbacks, and widespread corruption destabilized the regime and deteriorated the living standards of most of the populace (Alie and Gizewski 6). In essence, as predicted by Reagan, the collapse of the Soviet Union did not necessarily need an external enemy owing to its own misgivings. The revolutions experienced in 1985-1989 dealt an irreparable final blow to the Soviet system. The revolutions, which began in Poland, spread throughout most of Europe in countries such as Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, and Romania. The revolutions, through civil resistance, harried the need for change and abolishment of the one-party rule. The eruption of civil resistance presented a channel to demand for freedom (Borjas and Doran 1146), and the eventual abolishment of communist control Poland and Hungary had peaceful revolutions, but most of the other East Germany regions expressed their opinions through violent revolutions. The fall of the Berlin Wall was a revolutionary process that fueled the anticommunist drive to liberalization. The collapse of the Berlin Wall symbolized the collapse of an impracticable system, economic deterioration, dictatorship, and subjugation. It was a significant chapter in the collapse of soviet communism. Owing to the central location of Berlin, it represented the ongoing antagonism between Soviet Union and the West. The collapse of the Soviet Union was so shocking to the West. because Neither the USSR nor the West expected the fall of communism or the disintegration of the highly centralized union. Beforehand, the Soviet Union was not open to international factors and outside forces. The impact of the West on communism was restricted to the extent that it came as a shocker to the West when the grip finally crumbled. The Cold War was a long period that characterized lack of

The Problem of Plagiarism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Problem of Plagiarism - Essay Example activities besides plagiarism; however, the ultimate impression that the reader should gain from such a statistic is that the practice is both widespread and increasingly pervasive. As this is an issue that effects the academic integrity of the learning institutions that exist as well as the quality and type of education that the students receive, this brief essay will seek to explain a few of the ways in which plagiarism works to cheat not only the student of valuable educational merit but the underlying roots of the educational system as well. The most pressing concern when dealing with the topic of plagiarism and its derivatives is to clearly define and differentiate what specifically plagiarism entails and how intertextuality and paraphrase plays into such a working definition. A most basic definition of plagiarism therefore hinges upon the fact that plagiarism can be defined by attempting to pass off another individual’s work as one’s own. Similarly, intertextuality is a far more gray concept (Hansen 189). Whereas paraphrasing is not necessarily a bad thing as long as it is cited appropriately, intertextuality is similar in that it requires the author to plainly note the manner of the sources that provoked the response that is being presented. In this way, the difference between plagiarism and incorporating useful points of intertextuality hinges upon the ability of the student to incorporate relevant and pertinent citations regarding the material they are dealing with. Firstly, consider the fact of what the educational system itself represents. Ultimately, it is a system that has a primary objective to impart knowledge to the participants within the process. One particularly effective means of doing this is to engage the participant with varying forms of feedback. Assigning papers, responses, critical analyses, discussion speeches etc are but a few ways of achieving such a goal. By means of eliciting this â€Å"feedback† system into the

Managerial Escalator Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Managerial Escalator - Essay Example In order for them to be successful, they need to position the priorities of the business before their private priorities. If the managers put the interest of the business after their interests, they may end up not becoming successful in their management; this is because their personal interest may not be in line with the interests of the organization. The different causes of poor management have also been identified. There are a number of factors that may lead to a manager not being successful such as having managerial concept that are not good enough. Managers need to have well researched strategies in order for them to be successful. The models used by the authors in explaining this points is through breaking down the broad topic of management into less detailed sub topics. They explore these subtopics into details in order to explain management in detail. The authors have different point of views about management. They begin by defining management as the art of making things get done through the use of other people or a way of achieving some results through other people. Some people view management as a cycle involving identification of different objectives, setting of targets, making plans, resource organization, good communication regarding information, motivation of workers, getting feedback, control and taking actions. Some researches were done by separate people who do not agree with this. This is because it was noted that managers make decisions abruptly according to the situation at hand. They mostly do not take time to strategize their decisions (David, 2001). Individuals turn into managers through a given process. The organizational structure is defined in a way that the majority of the staffs are often engaged in given activities and the managers usually oversee some specialized activities. Most of the managers have some giv en specialized backgrounds. During the early stages of their careers, they were at some lower levels in different departments. They may have learned some skills through training, experience or through the combination of both. Most of the managers in top positions have passed through these stages. They begin as normal workers and improve on their skills. As they improve and gain more experience, they are promoted through the different ranks until they get to the managerial position. There are a number of responsibilities accounted to managers. They play the role of planning and allocating of work. Managers plan what is to be done in an organization. They give different employees specific works to be done or allocate them into different areas of work according to the plan. They identify what is of priority to the organization so that they may be given attention first. They review and establish different working methods and ensure that they control all the activities in an

Terrorism and the Media Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Terrorism and the Media - Case Study Example Law enforcement officers immediately narrowed down on two brothers, Tamerlan and Dzhokhar Tsarnaev, as the prime suspects in the bombings. Following an extended man-hunt for the then-unidentified suspects, the police bumped into Tamerlan and Dzhokhar Tsarnaev in Watertown, Massachusetts, and a massive gun battle ensued. Tamerlan Tsarnaev was shot in the gun fire and was pronounced dead shortly afterwards. Dzhokhar somehow managed to escape the police dragnet, but was later on apprehended and up to date remains under federal custody (Bodden, 2014). The Boston Bombings attracted intense interest from the public and, as expected; the media took the center-stage in disseminating information, both substantiated and unsubstantiated. During the investigation, for instance, media came under heavy criticism for making unconfirmed conclusion and reporting inaccurately on the unfolding events. The 24-hour real time new cycle implied cut-throat competition among news agencies, all looking forward to feeding the anxious public with the most recent news event. In one case, some media agencies reported that the â€Å"person of interest† following the bombing was a Saudi national while another medium reported that there were several explosive devices planted in Boston. CNN, a leading new agency not only in US but across the globe was not spared from this media frenzy. As a matter of fact, it was after CNN’s inaccurate reporting of a â€Å"dark-skinned† suspect with â€Å"brown skin† suspect that the FBI had to iss ue a warning to all media houses to desist from premature reporting. An analysis of media’s role into emergency response following Boston bombing was significantly positive. Since journalists were already at the scene at the instance the bombings occurred, they covered the magnitude of the damage caused and broadcasted the same information in

Managerial Escalator Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Managerial Escalator - Essay Example In order for them to be successful, they need to position the priorities of the business before their private priorities. If the managers put the interest of the business after their interests, they may end up not becoming successful in their management; this is because their personal interest may not be in line with the interests of the organization. The different causes of poor management have also been identified. There are a number of factors that may lead to a manager not being successful such as having managerial concept that are not good enough. Managers need to have well researched strategies in order for them to be successful. The models used by the authors in explaining this points is through breaking down the broad topic of management into less detailed sub topics. They explore these subtopics into details in order to explain management in detail. The authors have different point of views about management. They begin by defining management as the art of making things get done through the use of other people or a way of achieving some results through other people. Some people view management as a cycle involving identification of different objectives, setting of targets, making plans, resource organization, good communication regarding information, motivation of workers, getting feedback, control and taking actions. Some researches were done by separate people who do not agree with this. This is because it was noted that managers make decisions abruptly according to the situation at hand. They mostly do not take time to strategize their decisions (David, 2001). Individuals turn into managers through a given process. The organizational structure is defined in a way that the majority of the staffs are often engaged in given activities and the managers usually oversee some specialized activities. Most of the managers have some giv en specialized backgrounds. During the early stages of their careers, they were at some lower levels in different departments. They may have learned some skills through training, experience or through the combination of both. Most of the managers in top positions have passed through these stages. They begin as normal workers and improve on their skills. As they improve and gain more experience, they are promoted through the different ranks until they get to the managerial position. There are a number of responsibilities accounted to managers. They play the role of planning and allocating of work. Managers plan what is to be done in an organization. They give different employees specific works to be done or allocate them into different areas of work according to the plan. They identify what is of priority to the organization so that they may be given attention first. They review and establish different working methods and ensure that they control all the activities in an

Career development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 4

Career development - Essay Example 32). One aspect of substantive importance in the study of career development is that it differs depending on whether it is an individual involved or an organization. For individuals, career development involves a broader array of activities involving decision-making processes and planning, whereas, for organizations, it involves the practice of effectively managing the human resources workforce. However, for the case of this paper, focus is made on an individual basis. Self-efficacy involves making a person make a judgment on the ability to perform certain tasks. Unlike self-esteem that makes reflections on an individual’s worth or value, self-efficacy determines the confidence in an individual towards accomplishing certain tasks and reaching certain goals. A number of perspectives exist in the study of self-efficacy beliefs including the development and the dynamics involved. Ideally, self-efficacy beliefs have effects in all aspects of the human body, because through the determination of a person’s ability and belief towards the accomplishment of certain tasks. In return, self-efficacy affects situations by the use of power. It is substantively clear that self-efficacy beliefs have the necessary power that an individual requires to perform a certain task as well as make an informed decision in regard to a particular task. In life, tasks usually involve the numerous challenges faced, and as such, self-efficacy beliefs determine the ability to tackle the different life challenges by making the most appropriate and informed decisions. Four major theoretical approaches exist from which the study of self-efficacy beliefs emanates, especially in career development. Such include the social cognitive theory, social learning theory, self-concept theory, and attribution theory. Social cognitive theory makes emphasis on the development of an individual’s personality through observational learning and experiences from the

Heart of darkness Essay Example for Free

Heart of darkness Essay It is a description of Marlows initial impressions and observations of the Outer Station, and all the slave labour going on. As he sees the land around him, he notices many mounds of turned up earth, and wastes of excavations, he speaks of the land as if it has been raped of all its resources, and left as a barren wasteland. His first impressions of the African slave workers seems racist, as he compares there black, naked bodies to ants, however, it is more likely that this is just a reference to the futility and uselessness of the work that is going on. His next observation is a boiler, and an undersized railway-truck. He describes them as dead like the carcass of some animal. There are several interpretations for this scene. One is that he has personified the machinery, giving them similar qualities to the slaves, describing the machinery as though it has been allowed to rest, and have its job taken over by slaves. Another interpretation is that the machinery is a symbol for the empire, as the machinery is slowly decaying and rusting, the empire is also declining. Another reference to the futility of this work appears a few lines down. The cliff was not in the way or anything; but this objectless blasting was all the work going on. It is as if the slaves have just been given something to do, to keep them from sitting around. As Marlow walks further on, he sees a guard carrying a gun, and wearing a jacket with one button of. This is a very deliberate observation, though the empire seems perfect from the outside, it has imperfections. On seeing Marlow, the guard raises his gun, and tries to see who Marlow is; Marlow is sarcastic at this point, joking about how white men all look the same at a distance, referring to how black people all look the same to him from a distance. As the guard recognises Marlow and smiles, there is more sarcasm from Marlow, describing the guards trust as being exalted, and describing himself as being a part of the great cause of these high and just proceedings. Marlow then descends down the hill, towards some trees. At this point, Marlow starts commenting some more on his pity for the slaves, and the pointlessness of the work going on. The first technique used to relay this to us is Conrads use of short sentences, like we are part of Marlows thought process. His first thoughts are about how futile and pointless all the work that is going on is. He describes one of the pits that has been dug, as just a hole. As he goes towards the trees for shade, he instantly regrets it, making a direct reference to Dantes Inferno. Dantes Inferno is one perception of what hell would be like. His vision of hell consists of seven rings, each ring containing people who have sinned a particular way, with the rings varying degrees of punishment. He looks around, noticing the slaves, objectifying them as black shapes. He makes an ironic comment, calling the slaves helpers and stating how they have withdrawn to die. He talks about how they have been abandoned in a very understating way. There is another reference to Dantes Inferno here, as he notices the black shadows of disease and starvation. Marlow then leaves the trees, but looks down to see a black slave, who has a white thread around his neck. He is startled at how strange and out of place it looks on the black skin. This is symbolic of the white men of the empire being out of place in Africa. To conclude, the Heart of Darkness within the play refers to the inner capability to commit evil acts in all men, and the evil of the empire underneath the front of spreading civilisation and the light of Christianity. The two sections of the novel which I have chosen to examine are full of symbolic imagery, referring to the title, and raising questions in the readers mind about the greatness of Britain.

Classification Essay: Three Types of Friends :: Classification Essay

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In life we come across many people. Some will hate us while others will adore us. The ones who hate us can be referred to as enemies and the ones who show us adoration are referred to as friends. There are three types of friends. They are the aquaintinces we make in school, the friends we loose as one grows, and best friends who may stray, but never too far away.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  First of all, there are those friends that are only seen in school. Seeing them on the street is like they are not even there. One may have known them throughout their whole school career, but have never talked to them outside of school. These school aqquaintinces are nice people to talk to , but there is never an effort to do anything more than that. These friends are good because there are never any chances to take with them. One just talks to them and then they go on their merry way. These school aqquaintinces are the peopl who are talked to about different hoobies and class studies. Not ones personal life. School aquaitnices are the people that one will not see for the first time until the schools ten year reunion.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Second, there are former friends. These are the ones taht grew up in ones neighborhood and moved away. These are the friends who will bring back memories that people thoght were forgotten. One might be embarassed at first about seeing their former friend, but as soon as conversation begins all the embarassement will be a thing of the past. Former friends are the ones that little secrets about meaqningless ideas were told to as a child, or the person who spent countlerss nights at ones house sleeping over. These are the people that knew ones parents very well, almost as well as the friend was known. Tehen all of a sudden out of nowhere this former friend is never spoken again to for years. Former friends give a sense of oldness to a person. In the long run they are good to have and to talk to.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Finally, there are best friends who are the people that have been known all their lives or even just a few years. These friends regardless male or female can talk to a friend about anything on their mind. Many experiences have occured between two best friends or even a group of best friends. These kinds of friends share a common bnd that will last forever. Intimate secrets and special favors are all traits in which best friends can rely on each other for. Classification Essay: Three Types of Friends :: Classification Essay   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In life we come across many people. Some will hate us while others will adore us. The ones who hate us can be referred to as enemies and the ones who show us adoration are referred to as friends. There are three types of friends. They are the aquaintinces we make in school, the friends we loose as one grows, and best friends who may stray, but never too far away.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  First of all, there are those friends that are only seen in school. Seeing them on the street is like they are not even there. One may have known them throughout their whole school career, but have never talked to them outside of school. These school aqquaintinces are nice people to talk to , but there is never an effort to do anything more than that. These friends are good because there are never any chances to take with them. One just talks to them and then they go on their merry way. These school aqquaintinces are the peopl who are talked to about different hoobies and class studies. Not ones personal life. School aquaitnices are the people that one will not see for the first time until the schools ten year reunion.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Second, there are former friends. These are the ones taht grew up in ones neighborhood and moved away. These are the friends who will bring back memories that people thoght were forgotten. One might be embarassed at first about seeing their former friend, but as soon as conversation begins all the embarassement will be a thing of the past. Former friends are the ones that little secrets about meaqningless ideas were told to as a child, or the person who spent countlerss nights at ones house sleeping over. These are the people that knew ones parents very well, almost as well as the friend was known. Tehen all of a sudden out of nowhere this former friend is never spoken again to for years. Former friends give a sense of oldness to a person. In the long run they are good to have and to talk to.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Finally, there are best friends who are the people that have been known all their lives or even just a few years. These friends regardless male or female can talk to a friend about anything on their mind. Many experiences have occured between two best friends or even a group of best friends. These kinds of friends share a common bnd that will last forever. Intimate secrets and special favors are all traits in which best friends can rely on each other for.

Essay --

Witness, A Classic Novel Witness, a Newbery Medal awarded novel, was one of the many novels created by Karen Hesse, a wonderful author who has taught kids and children about the past, has made a very interesting book about life that exists on a foundation of segregation and hatred. Racism as we all know it is very disturbing, annoying, and is not tolerable. This story is based on life on a foundation of segregation and dangers of racism. This one novel is placed in a small, under-populated city of Vermont, where a family of three, the Sutters, another family of 3, the Hirsch's with a caring person, named Sara Chickering, and some people face many problems and solutions in their lives. As racism continues on to thrive in the town, Esther Hirsh, becomes a young girl who also faces discrimination only because she was a Jewish. In the same school as Esther, was a young African-American girl named Leonora who faces bully about almost every day, and everywhere, just because of her race. Her family is very well in poverty, and her mother is badly sick. She died later that month. In one quote,†Why can’t white folks leave me alone?†(P7), explains how excruciating racism was. As the storyline progresses into the center of the story, Leonora saves Esther from a passenger train, everybody knows it as the â€Å"Heaven Train.† Esther wanted to meet her mother on the train who died when she was just a tiny little young girl, perhaps at the age of four or five. Leonora understood her but she didn’t want her to go because Esther was perhaps her only best friend. Back in the transition from the beginning of the story, Esther also saved Leonora’s life from the chilling winter cold. Sara Chickering, the caretaker of Esther, fina... ... the bridge to convince Johnny to get back down. â€Å"I’m afraid of the Klan,† he said. Then he surprisingly†¦ just jumped. All these scenes were all real, it all happened from 1920-1927. Karen witnessed a lot of horrors, but also some happiness. She did that by just simply writing books, novels and poetry. She mostly writes her novels in poetic form, what everybody does not usually do. This book inspired me and a lot to perhaps write a lot about the past, and admire and appreciate the present and what will happen in the future. It also taught me many lessons about the important things, like the history of the KKK and what they did, also the history of segregation and how this country was broken up into pieces and how they were sawn back together. So this book is a very useful tool in learning and understanding and should be brought down from generation to generation...

Western Australia Dhufish Management

The dhufish (Glaucosoma hebraicum) is a demersal fish species endemic to Western Australia. They populate the coastal region, about 20-50 meters deep, from Shark Bay to the Recherche Archipelago but are most abundant between Kalbarri and Augusta (West Coast Bioregion, 2005, p.2). Because of their superb taste and large size, the dhufish is a prized catch for recreational and commercial fishers who have elevated the species to its current iconic status.The maximum lifespan of the dhufish is estimated at 40 years. Maximum length can reach one meter or more and weight can exceed 25 kilograms. They grow relatively fast before they reach 12 years old afterwhich growth rates slow down noticeably. The minimum legal size of dhufish is 500mm which they reach within 6-7 years (FMP No. 225, 2007, p.23)Female dhufish are ready to spawn once they are 3 or 4 years old, having reached an average length of 33 centimeters (Factsheet 3, 2007). However, female dhufish spawn the most eggs when they are older. The spawning season occurs between November to March when the waters get warm but is at its peak from December to March. Here, dhufish aggregations can be spotted in the waters.Dhufish Habitat and Current Status  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The dhufish habitat is in the waters of the West Coast bioregion considered to be a temperate oceanic zone (West Coast Bioregion, 2005, p.2). During their early life stages, dhufish occupy the hard-bottom seabed where there are plenty of sponges but as they mature, they move to low-lying reefs and then to major reefs where they are observed to be sedentary (Hesp, Potter and Hall as cited in Pagano and Fuller, 2006, p.7). This environment has been relatively invariable so that drastic changes would cause severe adaptation problems for dhufish.Current research reveals that the temperature of ocean waters and food sufficiency are crucial factors that affect the percentage of young dhufish survival or recruitment (Factsheet 3, 2 007). When conditions in the environment are at its best, dhufish recruitment is also at its highest resulting in a remarkable increase in fish population described as the â€Å"boom years†.During the past 2 decades however, boom years have been minimal. This phenomenon compounded by the increase in fishing activity due to population and tourism factors and the technological advances in fishing methods have worked together to severely reduce the local dhufish stock (Factsheet 3, 2007).The decrease in in-shore dhufish populations is especially marked in the metropolitan   coasts (i.e. Lancelin to Mandurah) where fishers now have to go farther out to sea in order to land fish. The concern over the depletion of dhufish stock grew within the past 10 years leading to the conduct of various researches and management efforts. Currently, the dhufish is classified by the Fisheries Board as Category One or highest risk (Recreational Fishing Guide, 2007).The natural mortality rate of 10% per annum has been exceeded by the fishing mortality rate of 11% per annum, objectively indicating that the dhufish are already being overexploited (Gaughan as cited in Pagano and Fuller, 2006, p.13). Because fishing mortality is based on annual fish catch, it does not even factor in the mortality due to release. A study has shown that most dhufish released die from deephooking or barotrauma (Gaughan and St. John, as cited in Pagano and Fuller, 2006, p.17). Fishing mortality has to be decreased by 50% in order to assure dhufish sustainability (FMP No. 225, 2007, p.6)Factors Affecting Dhufish StockFishing for recreation is part of the average Australian’s lifetime passions. Aside from the benefits of sport, Cribb (as cited in Pagano and Fuller, 2006) elucidates that â€Å"there is a strong cultural element of communal food gathering and sharing in Western Australia, with many recreational fishers specifically seeking fish for the consumption, rather than for non-consumpti ve sport† (p.34). Currently, it ranks fifth among 50 other recreational activities in terms of number of individuals participating.Recreational fishing, specifically angling, is practiced in areas where human populations are concentrated and mainly target inshore waters. Of the more than 2 million Western Australia population today, 34% engage in it representing a 7% increase since 1987 (Recfishwest, 2008). Frequency has increased to 311,400 fishing days a year with a 200% increase in the number of anglers per day within the past decade (Cribb as cited in Pagano and Fuller, 2006, p.38).Urbanization as well as land and sea transport infrastructure has made much of the coasts and near-shore waters accessible. At present, dhufish fishing has become more extensive with the prevalent use of boats that can go as far out as 50 miles. In 2006, there were 81,417 registered recreational fishing boats and 138 charter fishing boats for tours, with majority in the Metropolitan Area (FMP No . 225, 2007, p. 33).The promotion of recreational fishing in the media and internet, as well as the landing of dhufish as the ultimate symbol of fishing success, has also further increased the interest of people in dhufish fishing. Anglers traditionally used two lines and simply fish by hand but today, there have also been marked improvements in angling gear. The use of Global Positioning Systems and acoustic technology has also gained popularity among fishers and has made recreational fishing activities more efficient and productive.Modern commercial fishing now also employ DPS fishing machines and methods such as trawling and dredging can severely disrupt the food chain in the marine ecosystem and cause damage which affects the well-being of its species and reduces the availability of marine resources for human consumption (Cribb as cited in Pagano and Fuller, 2006, p.29).Of the estimated 409 tonnes of dhufish caught in the past year, recreational fishing accounted for 45%, commer cial fishing landed 44% while 5% was from chartered fishers (FMP No. 225, 2007, p.12-17). Recreational fishing provides $570M to the Western Australia economy annually (Recreational Fishing Guide, 2007, p.2).Commercial fishing or wetlining is regarded today as an expensive economic endeavor with its reliance on costly equipment which greatly increases overhead expenses. Coupled with the lower catch rate in recent years and a steady dhufish price in the market, dhufish catch restrictions on one hand and the need to increase fish catch on the other poses a dilemma for commercial fishers (Shinnick as cited in Pagano and Fuller, 2006, p.24).Charter boat fishing involves recreational fishers/tourists who go fishing together and share the expenses of the trip. In this way, they can fish in deeper waters and minimize cost. The dream catch of charter boat fishers is the prized dhufish and although they tend to land other species instead, it does not translate to a fishing experience that is worth their money. As such, charter boat operators are pressured to enable their customers to land their dhufish (Beva as cited in Pagano and Fuller, 2006, p.29).Dhufish ManagementMuch of management relies on accurate information and research and an effective conceptual framework. Historically, much of dhufish fishing regulation has targeted commercial fishing because of the view that recreational fishing does not impact significantly on fish stock. Hence, varying bag and other restrictions were enforced on wetliners while anglers were generally unrestricted.However, as the problem of dhufish overfishing became more pronounced in the mid 1990’s, the state began to consider the range of management practices that can be adopted for mitigation. This included whether to target dhufish as a specific species and focus on its habitat (biological conservation) or adopt a broader ecosystem-based management (Cribb as cited in Pagano and Fuller, 2008, p.34)Interest in dhufish research by academic institutions, the fishing industry, recreational groups and the Department of Fisheries has been sparked within the past decade encouraged with significant funding from stake-holder sectors and the state. The current research available still poses a lot of data gaps and with regards to statistical information, there is a general clamor for a more accurate method of data generation, particularly with catch data and release data (McGlennon, 2004).Deeper research enables the formulation of appropriate management strategies. However, the urgency of the problem forced policy makers to rely on the available preliminary information and research. This led to extensive stakeholders’ consultations geared towards developing a management plan acceptable to all and later, to legislations as can be evidenced in the latest Western Australia fishing guidelines and restrictions.ResearchMembers of the Western Australia fishing industry have initiated efforts in raising dhufish in a ttempts to sustain or increase stock for current and future use but were highly unsuccessful. In 1995, the Aquaculture Development Unit of Challenger TAFE conducted a research on dhufish breeding and declared that although possible, it was not feasible commercially (Jenkins as cited in Fuller and Pagano, 2006, p.5-6). This was because some biological characteristics of the dhufish hinder their unproblematic adaptation to aquaculture environments.Release methods pertain to the return of live undersize dhufish into the water. Because of the high mortality of released dhufish due to barotrauma, the Australian National Sportfishing Association (ANSA), with support from the Recfishwest and the Australian Anglers Association (AAA), developed the release weight method to reduce its incidence (Recfishwest, 2008).Research also showed that the lower the depth of water in which dhufish is caught, the more likely it would suffer barotrauma. The speed of bringing in the fish also determines its probability to die of it so that it is being advocated that fishers should bring in their dhufish more slowly, handle it with wet hands and support its belly during handling.Further and continuous research needs to be done on the life cycle of the dhufish, its behaviors, the crucial factors in its habitat as well as exploring and developing methods of conservation such as stock enhancement (FMP No. 176, 2004). With regards to surveys for monitoring stock, mortality, etc. similar surveys with minimal probabilities for bias should be done on a regular basis.LegislationSetting bag limits and other restrictions in recreational Dhufish fishing is an attempt to redefine its cultural norms as a social activity. This means changing people’s perceptions regarding their rights to fish and established measures of fishing success towards responsible fishing. This also means reconciling the welfare of the fish with current and long term human benefits.Major change in practice needs educat ion and enforcement before it becomes the norm. The consultation process was instrumental in gaining the cooperation of all sectors involved. The partnerships among stakeholders should be maintained in order to make dhufish management participatory and with less intensive state regulatory measures.The new fishing guidelines are intended to permit the dhufish to breed a few years after sexual maturity before being caught, allow them to spawn during the whole duration of the spawning season through imposing closed seasons (Recreational Fishing Guide, 2007). It also intended to lower fishing mortality through restrictions in fishing gear and the number of fish that can be landed by individuals as well as prescribe appropriate release methods and appropriate fishing areas (Hesp, Potter and Hall, p.8 and Recreational Fishing Guide, 2007).Community EducationThe advocacy for dhufish management should be widely supported and sustained in the coming years. Aside from research and legislation , community education is also very important. The commercial, charter and recreational fishing sectors have a lot to contribute in this aspect. Fishing and recreational associations and clubs should be involved in order to reach out to greater numbers of operators, fishers, tourists and other individuals and facilitate both research and legislation. Public education and information campaigns through the media should also be maximized including the internet as equally important channels.

Is Fame Good Or Bad?

Most people think that being famous is heaven, but it's more like hell. What do you think? Phenomenom of fame is widespread around the world. Being famous today is not the same as it was 50-100 years ago. Andy Warhol once said : In the future everyone will have their 15 minutes of fame. Well, in my opinion, that time has come. People from all around the world are trying to get their way out there on the stage. It has become easy to acquire fame, but difficult to keep it. People get famous for doing nothing and the ones who want to become famous don't have many obstacles on their way.They can just apply on a reality show and soon their names will be on the tops of „the most searchedâ€Å" lists on Google and Yahoo, and not to mention the yellow press. Little girls and boys from all around the world are, when asked what do they want to be when they grow up, usually answering that they want to be famous. Fame has lost its value. Celebrities with or without justified reasons to be famous are followed by a bunch of paparazzi each day. They are getting interviewed and photographed for worthless magazines intended for masses.Their private lives become a matter of abstraction and are endangered. As for those whose fame is a result of hard work, talent, high IQ or great achievements, their fame is well-earned. Such are, for example, great writers, mathematicians and artists. They are usually the ones who are, no matter how good they are at what they do, less famous than the ones who deserve it less. That is good because they don't need to sacrifice their private lives, they have their freedom of expression + they make a lot of money. As for me, I'm not a fan of fame and I think it's lame.People are sometimes desperate, don't receive enough of attention in their private lives and they search for a way out by becoming an object of admiration in other peoples life by being famous. On the other hand, there are people whose fame is a result of their great work and the y have to take that difficult burden of fame on their backs. Either way, I wouldn't like to be famous. Sometimes I don't like being alone, but there are people whose solitude is not even a matter of choice and represents an impossible mission. Threathing my private life, I do the same thing to my familys' and friends' life and that I cannot cope with.I don't need other peoples admiration to accept myself the way I am. Money, fame, fortune, and everything that goes with it- yes, sure it can be helpful, but having everything is sometimes just the same as having nothing, because it usually means not wanting anything. Any by not wanting anything, we don't have real goals in our life or anything that can bring us joy. That's why I prefer solitude over fame and fortune. It's hard enough to prove to myself everyday, proving myself to whole world everyday would really be a hell.

Jails and Prisons History and Development Essay

Jails and prisons lay at the heart of the Criminal Justice System. These facilities helped forge the concept of rehabilitation. These institutions have changed over time and now reflect the modern methods of housing convicted individuals who need to be reformed or punished. Description of jails The clear concise difference between a jail and a prison is the time limit a convicted person is sentenced to and what offenses were committed. In a jail, prisoners are usually confined because they were convicted of a lesser or petty offense. Examples of petty offenses are driving without a license or a misdemeanor drug possession charge. Most of these offenses come with a sentence of a year or less and anyone with over a year sentence is usually sent to a prison facility (Seiter, 2011). Jails act as holding facilities where inmates rarely get time to be out of their cells, to reflect, or to engage in recreational time. Because jails are so short term the focus is on inward reflection of crime through solitude. Some of these restrictions are a product themselves of the lesser amount of time spent in the correctional facilities. Criminals are charged more in a jail facility with reflecting on their crime by being exposed to sheer solitude. Furthermore, jails rarely have any vocational or rehabilitation programs utilized within their walls. On the other hand, prisons have an ample amount of time to work with, rehabilitate, and reform offenders. Prisons do this with the hope that offenders can eventually be placed back into society and limit their recidivism back to crime. History of state and federal prisons The jail component of the American corrections system came well before the initiation of any prisons, probation, parole, or even halfway houses. The historical origins of jails or local corrections facilities in America come from England. American jails have developed and progressed so much further than that of its roots. Jails served a different purpose in England. Throughout the progression to the modern age, past mentality was altered from a place of confinement before harsh punishment could be administered to a place that rehabilitation and reflection could occur. The historical developments of jails and prisons overtime have gone from detention for purpose of public humiliation or deterrence, to an â€Å"out of sight out of mind† mentality, which segregated convicted individuals from the rest of society. State prisons have their roots in the penitentiary reform ideals of the Age of Enlightenment. The Three Prisons Act is the first law that authorized the establishment of federal prisons. This act was an important milestone for U.S. prison reform. This most important fact is that this act laid the foundation for the federal prison system to be created. Prior to the act being passed there were few penal facilities in the United States. Before this time period and the passing of this act only one facility, the Walnut Street Jail located in Philadelphia, stood the possibility of housing a large capacity of inmates charged with federal crimes. The role of a jail is a diverse one and conducts a very difficult mission. Few offenders skip the step of passing through a jail as they enter the correctional system. Jails hold a variety of offenders: including those arrested; those detained pending trial; those sentenced to short terms of confinement for minor crimes; those awaiting transfer to another facility; and those who are held administratively for a criminal justice agency. Some jail systems are larger than all but a few state prison systems while others are extremely small and have only four or five beds. Jails face unique issues such as dealing with unknown offenders, detoxification and medical problems, and serving the court with security and prisoner transportation. Jails are operated by local authorities and primarily hold pretrial detainees. Other jail inmates are serving time for misdemeanors, while others are held for a variety of reasons. Comparison of security levels The jail-prison distinction, however, is a very simplified label to attach to a very diverse set of facilities. There are in fact a myriad of confinement facilities meant to house criminals of all levels of seriousness. These facilities are broken up by government boundaries of local, state, and federal confinement facilities. The time needing to be served and the severity of the crime determine which of the facilities a convicted person might be sent. Prisons range starting from the most basic minimum security that houses the offenders that are less violent and are often for more administrative type offenses like white collar offenders or drug related crimes where no one else was affected or harmed. These types of prisons are considered more like camps, because they have a relatively low staff-to-inmate ratio, and limited or no perimeter fencing. These institutions are work-and program-oriented and many are located adjacent to larger institutions or on military bases, where inmates help serve the labor needs of the larger institution or base. The next step above the minimum security is low security institutions which have double-fenced perimeters, mostly dormitory or cubicle housing, and strong work and program components. The staff-to-inmate ratio is increased compared to the previous stage. Medium security prisons are the next level up. They are stronger facilities with hardened perimeters that have double chain link fences and an electronic monitoring system surrounding the facility and its corridors. Confinement in the medium-security prisons is cell type but treatment programs are available to convicts to help propel them forward in their reformation. Here the ratio is reversed and the staff greatly outnumbers the inmates. The strictest of prison facilities is the high or maximum security institution. Within its walls are some of the most severe criminals who have committed some of the most heinous acts. This final type of institution is comprised of reinforced fences and walls. Prisoners are contained in solitary cells and their movements are controlled and monitored extremely closely. Because of the severity of the crimes committed by the convicted individuals that are incarcerated in these maximum security facilities, there is an extremely high ratio of staff to inmates (Prison Types General Information, 2012). For prisons to be safe and secure there must be sufficient physical security, consistent implementation of security practices, established methods to control inmate behavior, and adequate preparation to reduce the likelihood or to respond to inmate unrest. For prison staff to provide effective rehabilitative services there must be an assessment of the needs and best practices of a programs focusing on substance abuse, mental health, religious services, education recreation, rehabilitation, and work opportunities. Fully understanding the importance of these programs and implementing them effectively is crucial for prisons to accomplish their dual mission of confinement and rehabilitation. Factors that influence growth The United States currently incarcerates more people of its citizens per capita than any other country in the world. If you count the amount of prisoners which currently reside in the U.S. prison system, it is approximately two million. This would mean that one out of every hundred and fifty residents are incarcerated in a U.S. prison of jail at any given time. Some of the factors that have led to the explosion of the prison population are poverty driven crime and the increased regulation of human and social behaviors (Ruddel, 2011). In the 21st century, we are still contemplating the dilemmas of overcrowding and the best way to correct criminal’s behaviors. The world needs to constantly evolve its correctional systems to meet the concerns of its society and effectively reform criminal behavior to create less of a strain on law abiding citizens. Jails and Prisons are a tremendous and vital piece to the Criminal Justice process. These facilities have been a part of the correctional system for over 200 years. It stands to reason that while the system will change based on new technologies and ideas, the principals of reform and correction will always hold true (â€Å"U.S. Prison Populations-Trends and Implications†, 2012). Conclusion It is hoped that justice will prevail through the rehabilitation and reform of convicted individuals, and our prison system is the best way of correcting the factors that may influence a person to commit such offenses. Incarcerated individuals today should feel fortunate that the times and ideals of prison life have changed and criminals are classified and housed based on the type and severity of the crime, rather than one large melting pot of criminals. Crime will never be completely eradicated therefore the necessity for facilities to incarcerate offenders will perpetually be needed. Free will is one of the greatest inherent rights human kind has but this right makes some people commit crimes and others remain compliant with the rules and regulations of society. The fact that we have free will conclude that criminal behavior will not ever truly disappear and every attempt should be made to inform/reform and rehabilitate offenders, making them act in an appropriate manner that is so cially acceptable. References: Prison Types & General Information. (2012). Retrieved from http://www.bop.gov/locations/institutions/index.jsp Ruddel, R. (2011). American Jails: A Retrospective Examination. U.S. Prison populations-trends and implications. (2012). Retrieved from http://www.prisonpolicy.org/scans/sp/1044.pdf Mackenzie, D. L. (2001). Sentencing and Corrections in the 21st Century:Setting the Stage for the Future. College Park, Maryland: Department of Criminology and Criminal Justice. Seiter, R. (2011). Corrections an Introduction (3rd ed.). Upper saddle Hall, NJ: Pearson/Prentice Hall.

The career corruption by mediation and cronyism Essay

The career corruption by mediation and cronyism - Essay Example Fairness obliges one to be totally objective and unbiased, exercising guidelines and policies fairly, and evaluating or appraising everybody by the same criteria. Almost nothing weakens employee motivation and confidence more rapidly than cronyism. The field of ethics mainly encourages people to be just or fair. As proposed by Aristotle: â€Å"Equals should be treated equally and unequals unequally† (Gertrude, 1987, 256). But the widespread practice of cronyism hinders equality and fairness because it awards too much advantage to a person who does not truly deserve this benefit. Cronyism, whether practiced in the public or private sector, effectively weaken organizations. When a person is hired or promoted because of connections instead of experience, skill, or expertise, the contribution that person provides to the organization could be substandard. Moreover, according to Reilly and colleagues (2012), because cronyism is usually hidden, this practice damages the transparency that is ought to be practiced in the process of hiring and contracting. The Qur’an is clear in its position regarding cronyism, or concerning the enduring conflict between justice or fairness and self-interest (Baig, 2013, para 5): â€Å"Be just, even if it is against your narrowly defined self-interest or of those very close to you. Ignorant people think they are protecting their self-interest by being unjust to others. Their decision to be just or unjust may be based on a cold calculation of self-interest. But real faith in Allah elevates one beyond that narrow-mindedness.† This statement shows that the justice or fairness upheld by the Islamic law allows no cronyism or favoritism in general. Whether cronyism is practiced in the form of giving advantages or favors for certain individuals or conferring preferential treatment, cronyism definitely implies that some individuals are in some way more equal than others. Preventing even the indication of cronyism is particul arly vital in hiring someone or in awarding a promotion. While the person carrying out the selection process may have a personal favorite, s/he will be cautious to base the hiring process on objective standards as professional history, expertise, and experience, building what is at times called â€Å"a level playing field† (Storti, 2004, 56). In several organizations, especially those in the public sector, the names of job candidates are erased from the application during the preliminary assessment phase to facilitate a supposedly ‘blind’ assessment of each candidate’s qualifications (Cascarino, 2012). The ethics of fairness goes beyond employees to accept how people generally are to be handled or approached, such as contractors or clients. The central premise here is that organizations must treat everybody they interact with equally, implementing policies and guidelines objectively, irrespective of an individual’s ‘connections’, social standing, personal affiliation with the employer, or any other conditions that may be considered biased, discriminatory, or subjective. According to Langan-Fox and colleagues (2007), people, who attempt to take advantage of their social status, expecting preferential treatment because of their ‘rank’, are lowly regarded, and employees who yield to such demands will usually not be recognized. Definition of Cronyism in Career Corruption One of the most typical descriptions of corruption is the exploitation of public position for personal interests. In almost all societies,

Facebook. What is the real true of founding Facebook Essay

Facebook. What is the real true of founding Facebook - Essay Example Facebook is one of the biggest web sites in the world and is visited by 400 million people a month.It made Mark Zuckerberg,its founder,one of the richest young men in the world.In the book â€Å"The Accidental Billionaires† and the movie â€Å"Social Network†,the story of how Zuckerberg gained five hundred million friends through Facebook but lost his best friend Edurado Saverin is portrayed. The story has many ups and downs, but is a truly fascinating one. Facebook has revolutionized the way that people communicate and interact in a social manner. In many ways, it has brought the world closer together. The fact that it destroyed so many friendships among those who created it is a very ironic fact. A great deal of attention has been paid to this issue, and for good reason: it is a highly dramatic one. In both the â€Å"Accidental Billionaires† and the â€Å"Social Network† the story is dramatized and presented for all to see. The reader and viewer comes to see how money got between friends and how ruthless business practices destroyed relationships. As Facebook got bigger, things became more complicated. Eduardo began trying to implement new business ideas without telling Mark. In one email exchange that has become public Mark wrote to Eduardo as follows: â€Å"You developed Joboozle knowing that at some point Facebook would probably want to do something with jobs. This was pretty surprising to us, because you basically made something on the side that will end up competing with Facebook and that's pretty bad by itself.